While the seat of the Pope was close to falling, numerous failed assaults on Civitavecchia and the southern front in Abruzzo, as well as the threat of an Austrian counter-offensive in the Po region following the "Miracle at the Po" ended Socialist hopes of capturing the south. In the south, the forces still loyal to the Kingdom of Italy retreated into the Mezzogiorno quickly after Umbria became a battleground between the two Republics, but these regular forces proved to be more than a match for Republican offensives. The initially struggling military situation of the uprising, due to the relatively low adherence of regular military to it, was not an impediment to significant victories while the SRI officially calls them great victories by the bravery of the proletariat, the blunt truth is that the Republican High Command committed crass mistakes that cost them control of important positions in Emilia and Toscana, forcing a general withdrawal beyond the Po river, and the Republic's forces negotiated a general ceasefire with Austria and joined forces to repel what was to become known as the Po offensive a disaster in terms of manpower for the Socialist Republic. Soon after capturing Piedmont, Tuscany, and Emilia from the staggering Royalist forces, however, the republican rebels split into "Red" and "White" factions, and after several instances of right-wing sabotage of Piedmontese factories, the Socialists forced "reactionary" forces out of their armies, whereupon the "Whites" decamped to Parma.
When the Italian Republic was declared in Milan, northern Italy erupted into turmoil in the Italian Civil War. The SRI traces its origins back to the armistice between Austria-Hungary and the Kingdom of Italy during the Weltkrieg.
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